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Current treatment strategies: the needs and requirements.
1.Introduction.
In the last ten years and a large Library collection. The Conservation Official for equipment, including the allocation of resources for the regular treatment. Prevent arrest the deterioration the material to edit. Measures to restore the use of materials selection and combination of treatment needs and requirements of the entire project plan. Preservationists. Within the library and archives community. to develop tools array. Tools and methods for reducing the degradation of traditional materials and books and documents as You have deteriorated to restore. Long and active threats. Provisions for fire protection and adequate environmental controls are often in the new library and the archive service included. Success stories and typical treatment is found almost exclusively in developed countries and developing countries to supplies in key Care institutions. (Building Conservation Archival). Digital Preservation raise fundamental challenges of different nature, the problem of maintaining traditional Materials will be added. The Digital Preservation. Means planning, resource allocation and application of treatment methods and technologies for the digital information that the value to ensure continued access and use will be.
2.Preservation material.
The Strategy is for the library and the museum will receive. Donors developed to protect their digital resources. One of the goals of the system provide the digital data storage perfect and pure digital data stream. : ZB privacy. Content, so that the digital object. This objective can be found if the material success come from different sources and is used in a variety of separate storage devices. As soon as possible from the same provider and transfer it to storage. homogeneous responsible for the collection preferably set up independent systems of functions of several components. The main material for digital resources, the core of this system is the mechanism to automatically check the ongoing exchange of information within the system. Short half-life of the system should change the model data provider and data migration. Permanent Storage of materials is not possible if the content of a shadow is related with provider-specific information and destiny Technical measures to promote the use (Such as copy-protection techniques). Usually cause conflict in the medium term. In the meantime, a general agreement that the digital archive for digital resources, materials, information and documentation they can receive the "storage. State" is useful for the creation of transparency here.
2.1. The challenges of digital preservation.
The goal of treatment, the enduring values of the model for access must be protected, current and future libraries and serves as a central focus for the institution. Treatment and type of organization and storage is one of the most important functions In the last ten years a large library and keep the project officially materials, including the allocation of resources for the regular treatment. Prevent arrest of the deterioration of the material means to restore the selected use. Materials and the combination of treatment needs and requirements the entire project plan.
Digital preservation of natural increase challenges fundamental differences. This increases the problem of maintaining of traditional materials. I think the technologies for digital preservation planning, resource allocation and application of treatment methods and products. Necessary, the digital information of continuing education Value remain accessible and be used safely. I deliberately use the word "more" than "value" of the permanent arbitrariness to be avoided. Ideology and the Word "permanent" means.
2.2 Acting use.
"Treatment" means the material, however. If only one of first to ensure the availability and use of digital resources in the future. "Acting use" of digital resources is a complex task more important. More on the treatment of materials. If we determine that use of the library system "for digital objects, the stream data recorded and certainly in a way that is not admission that the technology saved the changes we are still faced with the problem. The support we will be unable to current data storage technology, the need for access is to be interpreted. (Operating System User program). Long dead to solve the problem, various strategies are discussed and the underlying processes and testing. Preservation of the environment of the system. Museum in the hard disk and software and to provide for an indefinite period is not a serious way. The technique Migration, however, is proven to treat. Digital content data structures or simple changes in the models of the information provider. Complex digital objects are not at strategies to . Migrate It is a necessity for many carried out if the person is not certain, therefore, the test is a technique that aims at determining the "history" the system environment. In Germany, a different number. How frightened, Mu official description of the object and structural environment present role. All these methods use the time accordingly. Digital objects that are of varying quality, digital preservation of nature was created. Some important projects aimed at promoting the use of long-form data are aligned and open standards was created, right from the time of the digital object. No matter which of these strategies apply to the treatment of the use is not necessarily in line with original nature of the original object. Efforts must focus on core tasks of digital resources is the most important factor in
2.3 Infrastructure digital archives.
ISO standard "Reference Model for Open Archival Information System (OAIS) - describes the infrastructure of the digital Filed in a successful model for the creation of the common view that the main function of the digital library in the community beyond the scope of each user. Archive, Library and Information Center of demarcation and clearly marked. Module interfaces, functions and types of data objects. Is the cornerstone of related systems. Conducted for purposes of employment. Synergies plan and operate the product. OAIS describes represent the function of the modules, data flows and processes. Collection: eating, metadata management, Storage planning, archival management, and access to treatment. Treatment planning, "" This module contains functions to open the fourth. Systems that are responsible for the monitoring of ambient storage systems. Determine the impact of technological changes as soon as possible and on the basis of planning. Long-term storage of objects stored in the system. "Ensure monitor the community features, that information is on the current needs of the user through the interaction stocked with the world outside the system archive. Information, the adaptation of continuous access storage system to the changing user behavior around the world allows. This includes needs such as. Data formats and communication protocols to online access via the external interface of the system. Technology Monitor "function facilitates monitoring the development of digital technology. The world of the formal goal is to identify the first stage. Development that the use of hazardous materials stored in the system can affect. "Conservation Development. Strategy and standards work, get information from the first two modules and convert them in the operational management system guide. Proposals such as these can be obtained. Application of new standards on the publication archive. Requirements Management System by the "packaging design and migration plan" feature operated Including the Migration and competitive strategy. Package information in respect of each Modules of the system's data warehouse, we have advised. The internal
Treatment strategies. 3.Current and its limits
Most librarians and accepted. Archivists basics - at least now. - A digital preservation depends on copying media, not physical survival. Copying, but also refers to "update" or migration is over. More complex than the mere transfer of the bit stream from the new media or from the creation of the next conversion cost and complexity of digital objects is often necessary to maintain. Digital media, so that they represent the true model and to continue the existing resources in research and analysis.
Probable keep frequently used. Strategy is to transmit digital data from magnetic and optical media, still less by the pressure of the side on paper or microfilm It seems ironic that the library and make a discovery. Digital conversion is an effective treatment of degenerative material to some more information about your life in electronic Form on paper or microfilm start for safety. Long-term storage. However, high-quality acid neutral paper last a century or more, while the quality Microfilm archived forecast last 300 years or more. Paper and microfilm are more useful. Without the need for special hardware or software retrieved or more. Perhaps this explains why the digital conversion projects are completed more than digital to replace. For material original paper form. (Conway, 1994).
Strategy save for the digital preservation of digital data in digital form in the simplest. The need for complex software trigger. A new media and formats are used, to save data that is migrated without significant change. In its logical structure. How helpful was this difference of a universal and easy to use. If a effective strategy for the management of digital content in case the owner is important. But it shows the index and the type of calculation is not important. As long as the community, the lack treatment for a strong and effective strategy to migrate printed on paper or foil. And will continue to maintain a flat image method for the last institutions some form of digital data.
This benefit from treatment. Additional features of the display of the published materials and original calculation, while reducing the number of conversions will be scheduled. Moving into the future of materials technology. Although this strategy can move easily and the treatment costs by reducing the Number of digital formats on demand technology to reduce your own. The changes will not reduce the need for periodic migration of digital media. Both Software and standards continue to expect and keep the structure of the homogeneous operation can. Need to migrate their digital devices at regular intervals.
Migration strategies related to digital media format standard usually easily removed. Structure of documents and relationships. embedded in the database to the Index calculated to display graphics and other features. There is often no limited potential for future analysis. Standard rehabilitation is not always possible, technical and often very expensive.
Archives and libraries have to struggle with an entirely new form of electronics. Describe and enable new forms of artistic and cultural Expression that have not first in the analog world. Current treatment is not sufficient to maintain dynamic data objects from complex systems. The idea is not model or technical processes for the treatment of multiple media interactive media. hyper, created multiple conversations online or in electronic form of new Been on that day. General archive material content, to preserve the context and structure and to maintain their performance. Linking and managing digital objects, only the level of their software. Dependence
3.1Digital treatment and rights.
If all the world's information was written on clay tablets or carved in marble. Storage is very simple. Although the production of paper and stored properly, life can measured in centuries. Today, but the amount of data that is generated. Digital and digital formats notoriously unstable. The media data stored is unreadable, or hardware and software needed to read the work to be overhauled. Think 8 years old floppy "on the back of a drawer effort from twenty years write. Great American Novel (in WordStar) your magnetic data may still not be able to read it; Drive, that the disc can be read and this is a rare word processing, less able to understand the document. WordStar.
In order to preserve resources. Analog is usually sufficient. Their home environment, Accommodation In the case of particularly bad it may be necessary to copy or microfilm. xerographic copy of the original, but as an exception than the rule. Digital treatment but you start to copy. At least have the files from the media such as floppy disks, obsolescence or deterioration will be copied. 8 "or 5 disks" in the media today. Good treatment requires more, including the copying of multiple files. Digital documents can be changed, from WordStar for Word or WordPerfect format, . Change To PDF or XML format digital files each time you apply, you must copy. Digital documents are on the computer, it from memory to memory RAM the computer appears to be copied. Become visible. Digital access to treatment is to copy it.
In copyright law called copy reproduction, "and one of privilege. From the copyright owner. The right to disclosure of the presentation of the copyright owner is entitled to appropriate adjustment, as derivative works. " "Our desire to guarantee digital data into the future, the privilege of the copyright owner.
3.2.Storage Media.
Life Limited. Magnetic and optical disks lead to serious problems if this is not a factor. Limited basis for digital preservation. Recent Research extends the life of the specific magnetic materials that are useful for 10-30 years if properly stored and managed. Optical disk technology promise some life cover. 100 years ago, confirmed the officials that the majority of the media to increase longevity easy because the media is the latest survivability equipment and software needed to retrieve records.
However, the stability of ability and age is to improve the media base necessary to reduce the risk to reduce the digital media for the loss and change and reduce storage. Costs of research and experience sufficient evidence for what can go with magnetic Media binder degradation wrong. Instabilities. Magnetic particles and the surface deformation. (Van Bogart) is for digital media vulnerable to damage by high humidity and rapid temperature fluctuations and contaminants from air pollution in the subject line. (U.S. National Archives and Administration). To prevent these problems, is the need for magnetic and optical storage media under strict environmental controls that are not affordable or convenient. Although a slight improvement. Media production facility with a capacity to accept more and to changes in temperature and humidity to reduce the cost of treatment by reducing the need for strict environmental Reduce the frequency control digital media on the "Refresh" by copying and reduce the number of memory manage
But this one question raised whether research and improve the technology to keep up, now the long-term storage or benefit that we find other ways. Store enough digital data archiving Requirements. As a frame of reference to recognize the value of microfilm, which is only recognized archival storage media. Less than 300 years with little maintenance, if properly stored. Last June, Los Alamos National Laboratory announced the invention of the read-only memory. High - density (HD - ROM) technology used. ion to engrave information on stainless steel legs. Iridium and other materials. HD - ROM is to save time. Than 180 CD-ROM-T echnology, currently about half. Percentage of the cost, CD-ROM The news about the technology. HD ROM is not permitted, the material can be removed and not need an interpreter. bit stream, because the technology is described. In readable form, all statements that You need to interpret data (LANL Ion Beam Storage) method, the ability to create solutions and demonstrates new storage technologies.
4.Migration.
How good for the migration of digital materials, new hardware and software that digitally for the treatment of major. Whether innovations in technology, mass storage planning for the migration is difficult because it is. Limited types of migration needed to access complex digital objects in the grace period. The administrator responsible for the maintenance of digital objects can be difficult to predict when migration will require much formatting is needed and how much the Migration is used. There are no reliable data or to recover costs associated with migration, either for specific technologies and formats or collection only. And little studied, in a way that reduce the cost and burden of migration
The treatment of the community as a whole is of great use to development. The reversal of the path of cooperation to all standard features of the software include. Back to activate route compatibility or migration to new version of the software to "read" Data from old system without formatting and no loss of thousands of call display and calculation capabilities. But once back to normal within a software product line. Migration Route is often not during games or software products market failure.
The employees have clear digital materials for a range of options. Maintain digital Data. You can keep an accurate simulation of digital recording with the completion of the capture and display function, calculation and recording of the show. The possibility that some or Agent of Record, such as summary or aggregated summary charge. Details may sound or background generation of Intent will be reduced to training. Migration and trustees may change the format or media. Possible improvements in clean technologies. - Up, Mark - up and link, or by indexing and much more. Other Features of these possibilities of technology in the new tasks to the grave to digital media for use in a way that they verify the accuracy of the data and their relationships can offer. What you need to save the original document changes in digital objects in their lives are, the better part of the migration.
Also a good way for the development of low maintenance and software can be used to view digital documents that have "move to create the appearance of" original source. Storage of obsolete hardware and Software that has been mentioned from time to time. But often out of hand as too expensive and not possible, this approach is demonstrably the most reasonable view. A strategy for maintaining continuous access to certain types of digital media. Feasibility and cost. / Benefit analysis carried out to determine the technology industry. And commercial Feasibility of maintaining existing software and specific migration and discrimination. Or the creation and maintenance of software emulators. Such an approach supports the playback the source and lead to the conservation of cultural and intellectual software is important in its own right.
5 management tool.
Region 4 to research tools for digital libraries and storage management to integrate the lecture. Inspection and maintenance of storage technology. Dynamic digital objects, such as in hypertext systems found. Special cause management problems and calls for current and future reuse. Number of sources, such as Hypertext found on the World Wide Web is now hard to make, sure, it's not a single department or institutional changes in the control nodes and the links. Hypertext objects of life and respond to sources. High volatility of these materials by content changes. Nodes, the source site. Save the changes and the links To change between nodes, move and disappear. Some of the latest tools such as MOMspider (Multi - Owner Maintenance Spider) and the Web: Lookout will be running through the Web and to work at the problem of maintenance, such as broken links, documents, and documents, move the object on the expiration date. (Ackerman and Fielding), is during this tool for maintaining current addresses are useful, not worried about the long-term treatment. If you continue to storage solutions to develop an instrument like this. Ability to identify objects using a filter similar or identical problems and ensure maintenance.
Research and development tools that will freeze more intelligence. On the status of preservation of digital materials, the object itself is the inspection and maintenance of automatic digital Collections will make greater. Current methods of physical verification. Status of digital devices unreliable labor intensive and can damage the material itself. As for the monitoring of the physical deterioration of magnetic tapes for guide as reading on a small sample. Of tapes on a regular intervals to verify that data loss occurs. (Eaton) may be a mechanism to monitor and report on digital to Object Storage Systems and network architecture to support self-reported physical condition and the treatment may start automatically.
Although the story is different than some of the storage is transferred to a digital environment. In order to avoid obligations that go far beyond the resources and support for cost recovery and conservation efforts. Does the Planning section, design and allocation of resources for digital libraries and stores. Integration of treatment and how access and maintain. It is necessary to fully and to effectively support the healing process and move documents the life of digital objects. The treatment plan must be part of design and management of digital libraries and stores. If left little reason to believe that after the long-term preservation of digital content more than other costs. Maintain the same format.
6.Conclusion. .
Digital preservation challenges of the foreign troops. This will of course raises the problem of maintaining traditional materials. I refer to the digital preservation planning, resource allocation and application of treatment and technology necessary to ensure the digital information of continuing value remains accessible and used. I deliberately use the word "more" than "value" determined to avoid both. Absolutism and ideology of the word "permanent" means.
7.References.
Ackerman, Mark S. and Roy T. Fielding (1995) for maintenance. Collection in the Digital Library " URL:.
Bearman, David and Ken Sochats (1995) "Requirements for Metadata for Evidence" on the draft. WWW server for the University of Pittsburgh Project page for recordkeeping requirements. URL:.
Conway, Paul (1994) "Treatment digitization. Library Journal. (1 February 1994): 42-45.
Conway, Paul (1990) "treatment. Archival frame around the country as an archivist. American", 53, No. 2: 204-22.
Eaton, L. Fynnette (1993) "National Archives and electrical treatment "in electronic format to electronic format to save for preservation. Mohlhenrich Janice, ed. Ft, Atkinson, WI: Highsmith Press: 41-61.
Giguere, Mark D. (in preparation). "Standard electronic document describes the technical possibilities. Promote research related with the treatment guidelines. Structured like the electronics. Digital / Analog / Digital format, thesis. Applications to the School of Information Science and Policy Studies submitted, State University of New York at Albany, (5 มกราคม 1995).
Gould, Constance (1988) CA data must be in the humanities : Assessment, Stanford: Research Library Group.
Graham, Peter S. (1995) on "Digital Library Research." College and Research Libraries. University, July 56, No. 4: 331-39.
"LANL Ion Beam Storage Telephone 180 time information from the CD-ROM, science and technology. News, June 23, 1995, and the opposite HPCwire Last distribute.
Lesk, Michael (1992) treatment technology. : Report of the Advisory Committee on Technology Assessment. The Commission on Preservation Access and Washington, DC, Office of Conservation and Access.
Levy, David M. and Catherine C. Marshall (1995) "Going Digital: see digital library assumptions. Communications of the ACM, 58, No. 4: 77-84.
Lynch, Clifford (1994) "the integrity of digital information. And the problem of the definition level, "Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 45, 10: 737-44.
Michelson, Avra and Jeff Rothenberg (1992) "Academic Communication and Information Technology : Explore the impact of changes in the research process in stock, store important documents. American 55, No. 2: 236-315.
O'Toole, James M. (1989) "by the idea of permanent storage Archive American", 52, No. 1: 10-25.
Archival Storage Materials (1993) London: Commission on the Conservation and Access.
Intellectual preservation of cultural heritage. : Bellagio Conference (1993) London: Commission for the Conservation and Access.
Rothenberg, Jeff (1995) "Ensuring long digital document" Scientific. American, 272 No. 1: 24-29.
Task Force on digital storage media. (1995) "Digital Privacy "Task Force Report, which the Commission was appointed to the Conservation and Access and Research Libraries Group, Version 1.0, 24 August 1995.
U.S. National Archives and administration. (1994) and digital storage. Digital Optical Disk: Access strategies for long term central agency. Technical data sheets. 12 Information Service National Technical, Washington, DC URL: and
State University of New York State Department of Education. State Archives and Administration (1995) alliance building electronic entry Treatment. : The final report and the work of partners. Papers Project Building Albany, NY.
Van Bogart, John WC (1995) Magnetic tape storage and transport. : A guide for libraries and stores. Washington, DC: Commission on the Conservation and Access, and national media. Laboratory
About the Author
Master in Library and information science
Density memory?
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Back into it. PC100 - PC133 SDRAM day, I think that I have read in a thing of the past like this. High density ram ram not rejected low density correspond to the requirements of the company for low-density low density ram Modules are compatible. ~ 100% with the system and chipset ALL. High-density modules only. 10% to something compatible to do with the RAM module stick. Stick 512 MB HD = 128x4 = 512 512 MB stisk LD = 64x8 = 512 sparse recently for security reasons.
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